Zanzibar Quick Facts
Geography: Zanzibar is an archipelago (group of islands) located in the Indian Ocean, off the eastern coast of Africa. Unguja is the largest and most populated island of Zanzibar, and Pemba is the second largest.
Local Language: Swahili
Dominant Religion: Islam
Key Historical Elements
Key elements of history: Its history is deeply intertwined with Trade, Colonialism, and Cultural Exchange.
1. Trade
In the early centuries AD, Zanzibar became a hub for trade between the African mainland and the Arabian Peninsula. The islands were strategically located along the Swahili Coast, which served as an important trading route for merchants from Arabia, Persia, India, and other parts of East Africa. The arrival of Arab traders brought Islam to the region, which remains the dominant religion in Zanzibar today.
👉🏻 Spice Trade: Zanzibar is often referred to as the "Spice Islands" due to its history of spice production and trade. Cloves, nutmeg, cinnamon, and black pepper are among the notable spices grown on the islands.
2. Colonialism & Cultural Exchange
👉🏻 In the 16th century, the Portuguese briefly controlled Zanzibar before being ousted by Omani Arabs, who established a prosperous Sultanate. Zanzibar thrived as a trade center, exporting spices like cloves.
👉🏻 In the late 19th century, Zanzibar became a British protectorate while Germany controlled mainland Tanganyika. Zanzibar gained independence in 1963 and merged with Tanganyika to form the United Republic of Tanzania.
👉🏻 Zanzibar experienced a revolution in 1964, which ousted the Arab ruling class and established a socialist government. The islands maintained semi-autonomous status within Tanzania.
👉🏻 Slave Trade: Zanzibar played a significant role in the East African slave trade during the 19th century. The islands were a major market for the sale and transport of enslaved Africans.
3. Cultural Fusion
Zanzibar's population is ethnically diverse, with influences from Arab, African, Persian, Indian, and European cultures. This blend is reflected in the local cuisine, music, dance, and architecture.
Zanzibar Today
Zanzibar is known for its stunning natural beauty, rich cultural heritage, and thriving tourism industry.
Its historic Stone Town, a UNESCO World Heritage site, attracts visitors from around the world.
Zanzibar's economy relies heavily on tourism, agriculture, and fishing, and efforts are being made to promote sustainable development and preserve the islands' unique ecosystems.
Marine Life: Zanzibar's crystal-clear waters are home to a diverse array of marine life, including coral reefs, dolphins, sea turtles, and colourful fish. It attracts snorkelers and scuba divers from around the world.
Political Structure: Zanzibar has its own government and president, along with representation in the Union Parliament of Tanzania. It has its own flag and exercises certain autonomous powers.
Top Attractions of Zanzibar
Stone Town: The historic center of Zanzibar City, Stone Town, is a UNESCO World Heritage site. Its narrow streets are lined with beautifully preserved Arab, Persian, Indian, and European architectural influences. Visitors can explore the ancient buildings, visit the Old Fort, browse the bustling markets, and immerse themselves in the city's rich history and vibrant atmosphere.
Spice Tours: Zanzibar's reputation as the "Spice Islands" makes a spice tour a must-do experience. Visitors can explore spice plantations, learn about the cultivation and harvesting of various spices such as cloves, nutmeg, cinnamon, and vanilla, and indulge their senses with the fragrant aromas.
Paje, Nungwi and Kendwa Beaches:
Paje Beach: Located on the southeastern coast of Zanzibar, Paje Beach is famous for its picturesque beauty and is a haven for kiteboarding enthusiasts. The consistent trade winds and shallow waters make it an ideal spot for kiteboarding and other water sports.
Nungwi Beach: Located on the northern tip of Zanzibar, Nungwi Beach is renowned for its white sands, turquoise waters, and breathtaking sunsets. It offers a range of water activities such as snorkeling, diving, and traditional dhow cruises. Nungwi is also home to a traditional dhow-building industry, providing insight into Zanzibar's maritime heritage.
Kendwa Beach: Situated adjacent to Nungwi Beach, Kendwa Beach offers a more relaxed and quieter atmosphere. It is known for its beautiful stretches of powdery sand, calm waters, and stunning views. Visitors can sunbathe, swim, and unwind while enjoying the tranquil surroundings.
Jozani Chwaka Bay National Park: Located in the south of the main island, Jozani Chwaka Bay National Park is a lush and biodiverse area that is home to the rare and endangered Zanzibar red colobus monkey. Visitors can take guided walks through the forest and observe the monkeys, as well as discover other fascinating wildlife and bird species.
Prison Island (Changuu Island): Just a short boat ride from Stone Town, Prison Island is a popular destination. It was originally intended to be a prison but was later used as a quarantine station. Today, it offers pristine beaches, crystal-clear waters for snorkeling, and the chance to see giant Aldabra tortoises.
Mnemba Atoll: For diving and snorkeling enthusiasts, Mnemba Atoll is a must-visit. Located off the northeast coast of Zanzibar, it is known for its vibrant coral reefs, abundant marine life, and excellent visibility. Snorkeling and diving tours are available for visitors to explore this underwater paradise.
Safari Blue: Safari Blue is a full-day excursion that takes visitors on a sailing adventure in a traditional dhow boat. It includes snorkeling in pristine coral reefs, swimming in clear lagoons, and enjoying a delicious seafood lunch on a sandbank. The trip often concludes with dolphin-spotting in the Menai Bay Conservation Area.
Chumbe Island Coral Park: Chumbe Island Coral Park is a small private nature reserve located southwest of Zanzibar. It is known for its pristine coral reefs, which offer excellent snorkeling and diving opportunities. The island is also home to a unique eco-lodge, providing an immersive and eco-friendly experience.
Our Favourite Restaurants in Zanzibar
Zanzibar offers a diverse culinary scene, with a range of restaurants serving local Swahili dishes, international cuisine, and fresh seafood. Here are some highly regarded restaurants in Zanzibar:
The Rock: Located on Michamvi Beach, The Rock is an iconic seafood restaurant situated on a rock formation in the Indian Ocean. It offers stunning views and specialises in delicious seafood dishes, including lobster, prawns, and fish.
Emerson Spice Tea House: Situated in Stone Town, Emerson Spice Tea House provides a unique dining experience in a beautifully restored 19th-century building. It serves a fusion of Swahili and international dishes, and its rooftop terrace offers breathtaking views of the city.
Upendo Restaurant: Nestled within the Z Hotel in Nungwi, Upendo Restaurant is known for its elegant ambiance and exquisite menu. It serves a variety of international and local dishes, with an emphasis on fresh seafood and innovative flavours.
The Rock Restaurant Zanzibar: Not to be confused with the aforementioned "The Rock," this restaurant is located in Michamvi Pingwe. It is another popular dining spot set on a rock, overlooking the ocean. The menu features a variety of seafood options and other delectable dishes.
Forodhani Night Food Market: For a more casual dining experience, head to the Forodhani Night Food Market in Stone Town. This bustling market comes alive in the evening, offering a wide array of street food options such as Zanzibari pizzas, grilled seafood, samosas, and local snacks.
La Taverna: Situated in Stone Town, La Taverna is a long-standing Italian restaurant known for its delicious wood-fired pizzas, homemade pasta, and seafood specialties. It also offers a charming outdoor seating area.
The Terrace Restaurant: Located at Park Hyatt Zanzibar in Stone Town, The Terrace Restaurant offers a delightful dining experience with views of the ocean. It serves a variety of international and local dishes, with an emphasis on fresh seafood and local spices.
Blue Restaurant: Situated at The Zanzibari hotel in Nungwi, Blue Restaurant offers a beachfront setting with stunning ocean views. It serves a fusion of international and Swahili flavors, focusing on fresh and organic ingredients.
LangiLangi Beach Bungalows Restaurant: This beachfront restaurant in Nungwi offers a relaxed atmosphere and serves a variety of local and international dishes. Visitors can enjoy seafood, grilled meats, and Swahili specialties while taking in the beautiful surroundings.
Archipelago Restaurant: Located in Stone Town, Archipelago Restaurant is renowned for its flavorful seafood dishes and authentic Swahili cuisine. The restaurant prides itself on using fresh, locally sourced ingredients.
Please note that restaurant availability, menus, and offerings may vary, so it's always a good idea to check ahead and make reservations if necessary.
Tips for Visitors of Zanzibar
Currency: The official currency in Zanzibar is the Tanzanian Shilling (TZS). It's advisable to carry some cash in small denominations for smaller establishments, as credit cards may not be accepted everywhere. Currency exchange facilities are available in major towns and at the airport. US Dollars are also widely used, but bare in mind that is not the case everywhere.
Respect Local Customs: Zanzibar has a rich cultural heritage, and it's important to respect local customs and traditions. Ask for permission before taking photos of individuals, particularly in more conservative areas.
Cultural Etiquette: Show respect for the local culture by asking permission before entering religious sites or private property. Remove your shoes when entering mosques or homes, and avoid public displays of affection, as it may be considered inappropriate.
Dress Code: Zanzibar is a predominantly Muslim region, so it is advisable to dress modestly, especially when visiting Stone Town or local communities. When visiting beaches, resorts, or tourist areas, casual, beachwear and swimsuits are acceptable.
Bargaining: Bargaining is common in Zanzibar's markets and smaller shops. Feel free to negotiate prices, but do so respectfully and with a friendly attitude.
Transportation: Zanzibar has a reliable taxi system, but it's important to agree on the fare before getting into the taxi or use the meter. Alternatively, you can hire a local guide or driver for day trips or tours. Car rentals are also available, but driving can be challenging due to road conditions and traffic.
Language: English and Swahili are widely spoken in Zanzibar, especially in tourist areas. Learning a few basic Swahili phrases can be helpful and appreciated by the locals.
Health and Safety: Prior to traveling, check with your healthcare provider for any necessary vaccinations or medications. It's advisable to drink bottled water and eat at reputable establishments to avoid stomach issues. Take precautions against mosquito bites by using repellent and wearing appropriate clothing, especially during evenings.
Beach Safety: Zanzibar's beaches are stunning, but it's important to be mindful of the ocean currents. Swim in designated areas and follow any instructions or warnings provided by beach resorts or lifeguards.
Sun Protection: Zanzibar has a tropical climate, so it's essential to protect yourself from the sun. Wear sunscreen, a hat, and sunglasses, and stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water.
Remember to check travel advisories and guidelines from your country's embassy or consulate before your trip to stay informed about any current safety or health concerns.
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